Hydrocele surgery, also known as hydrocelectomy, is a common procedure performed to remove the fluid buildup in the scrotum caused by a hydrocele.

While hydroceles are generally benign and often resolve on their own in infants, surgery may be required if the hydrocele becomes large, causes discomfort, or leads to other complications.

Understanding the recovery period after hydrocele surgery is essential to ensure optimal healing, minimise risks, and return to normal activities as soon as possible.

In this blog, Mykare Health will discuss the recovery process after hydrocele surgery, the key steps involved, potential complications, and tips for a smooth recovery.

What is Hydrocele Surgery?

Hydrocele surgery is typically performed as an outpatient procedure, meaning patients can go home the same day. The primary goal of the surgery is to remove the fluid-filled sac surrounding the testicle to alleviate swelling, discomfort, and other related symptoms. There are two main types of hydrocelectomy

1. Open Hydrocelectomy: This is the traditional approach where the surgeon makes a larger incision in the scrotum to access and remove the fluid-filled sac.

2. Minimally Invasive (Laparoscopic) Hydrocelectomy: A less invasive procedure using small incisions and a camera to guide the surgery.

Although the recovery process may vary slightly depending on the surgical technique used, most patients experience a similar healing timeline.

What to Expect After Hydrocele Surgery

The recovery period after hydrocele surgery can be broken down into several phases, each with its own set of expectations, symptoms, and care guidelines. Let's take a closer look at each stage of recovery.

Immediate Postoperative Period (First 24-48 Hours)

In the first 24-48 hours after surgery, you will likely experience some discomfort, swelling, and bruising around the scrotal area. These are normal side effects of surgery and should subside gradually as the body heals. Here’s what to expect

• Pain Management: You will likely be prescribed pain medication to help manage any discomfort during the first few days. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen may also be recommended. Make sure to follow the doctor’s instructions regarding the use of pain medications and avoid taking anything without consulting your doctor.

• Swelling and Bruising: It is common to experience swelling and bruising in the scrotal area after surgery. This may be more pronounced in the first 24-48 hours but should begin to decrease after a few days. Ice packs can be used to help reduce swelling, but they should never be applied directly to the skin. Wrap the ice in a cloth or towel to prevent frostbite.

• Dressing and Bandages: After the surgery, your scrotum will be bandaged. You should keep the area clean and dry. Your doctor may provide specific instructions on how to care for the wound. Be sure to follow these instructions closely to reduce the risk of infection.

The First Week After Surgery

During the first week of recovery, the swelling and bruising should start to subside, and you should begin to feel better. However, there are some key precautions you should take during this time:

• Rest: While you may feel tempted to resume your normal activities, rest is crucial during the first week. Avoid strenuous activities such as lifting heavy objects, exercising, or engaging in sexual activity. Rest will help reduce the risk of complications and allow your body to heal faster.

• Post-Operative Appointments: Typically, you will have a follow-up appointment with your surgeon about a week after surgery. During this appointment, your doctor will assess the surgical site, monitor the healing process, and check for any signs of complications, such as infection or fluid accumulation. It is important to keep this appointment even if you are feeling better.

• Pain and Discomfort: Mild discomfort and soreness are common during this phase. It’s important to continue using pain medication as prescribed. If you experience severe pain or discomfort that is not relieved by medication, be sure to contact your healthcare provider.

• Wound Care: The surgical wound should be kept clean and dry. Follow your doctor’s instructions on how to bathe or shower. In some cases, you may need to keep the area dry for several days to allow the wound to heal.

Two to Four Weeks After Surgery

The second phase of recovery typically spans the next two to four weeks. By this time, you should notice a significant reduction in swelling and bruising. However, some residual swelling in the scrotum may still be present, which is normal and should resolve gradually. Here’s what you can expect during this period:

• Gradual Return to Normal Activities: You should begin to feel stronger and more comfortable as the weeks go by. Most patients can return to light daily activities, such as walking or working, during this phase. However, you should still avoid heavy lifting, exercise, or strenuous activities that could put strain on the scrotal area.

• Residual Swelling: Some swelling can persist for up to a month or more, but it should slowly reduce over time. If the swelling seems to increase or becomes painful, it’s important to reach out to your doctor. In rare cases, the hydrocele may reoccur, requiring further treatment.

• Resuming Work: If you have a desk job or sedentary work, you may be able to return to work within one to two weeks. For more physically demanding jobs, your doctor may recommend taking a longer break from work, typically 4-6 weeks, to ensure proper healing.

• Sexual Activity: It’s advisable to refrain from sexual activity for at least 4 to 6 weeks after surgery to avoid putting pressure on the healing area. Consult your doctor before resuming any sexual activity.

Four to Six Weeks After Surgery

By the end of the six-week recovery period, most of the swelling and discomfort should have subsided. At this point, you should be able to return to most normal activities, but you should still take precautions.

• Gradual Return to Exercise: You can begin light exercise, such as walking or stretching, once your doctor gives you the green light. However, avoid intense physical activities like weightlifting, running, or sports for at least six weeks to allow the area to heal properly.

• Monitoring for Complications: During this phase, your doctor may conduct a final check-up to ensure that there are no complications. These include infection, scarring, or recurrence of the hydrocele. Any unusual symptoms, such as increased swelling, pain, or redness, should be reported to your healthcare provider immediately.

• Long-Term Care: After the six-week mark, you should be able to return to most normal activities without restrictions. However, continue to be mindful of any discomfort and report any unusual symptoms to your doctor. In most cases, full recovery is achieved by this time.

Potential Complications

While hydrocele surgery is generally safe and effective, there are potential complications that can occur, as with any surgery. Some of the risks include:

• Infection: Any surgery carries a risk of infection. Signs of infection include increased pain, redness, warmth at the surgical site, or discharge from the wound. If you notice any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.

• Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during or after surgery can occur in rare cases. You may experience some mild bruising, but significant blood loss should be reported to your healthcare provider.

• Hematoma: A hematoma is a collection of blood that can accumulate at the surgical site. This can cause additional swelling and discomfort. In most cases, the hematoma will resolve on its own, but in some cases, it may require drainage.

• Recurrence of the Hydrocele: Though hydrocele surgery is generally effective, there is a chance that the hydrocele may return. If this occurs, further treatment may be needed.