Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a common procedure performed to relieve pain and restore function in severely diseased knee joints.

Whether you're considering knee replacement surgery due to arthritis, injury, or another condition, being well prepared for the procedure and the recovery process is essential for a successful outcome.

Want to know more about how to prepare for your knee replacement surgery?

This blog by Mykare Health will walk you through the key aspects of preparing for knee replacement surgery, ensuring that you approach the procedure with confidence and readiness.

Understanding Knee Replacement Surgery

Knee replacement surgery involves removing damaged bone and cartilage from the thigh bone, shin bone, and kneecap and replacing them with an artificial joint (prosthesis) made of metal alloys, high grade plastics, and polymers. The surgery can be partial or total, depending on the extent of the damage.

While knee replacement can significantly improve mobility and reduce pain, it is a major surgery that requires careful preparation. Taking steps to prepare your body and mind before surgery can make the recovery process smoother and more efficient.

Step 1: Educate Yourself About the Procedure

The first step in preparing for knee replacement surgery is to educate yourself about the procedure. Speak to your orthopaedic surgeon about the specifics of the surgery, the type of knee prosthesis that will be used, and what you can expect during and after the surgery.

Understanding the details can help alleviate anxiety and give you a clear sense of the journey ahead.

Here are some questions you might want to ask your doctor

• What type of knee replacement surgery is recommended for me: partial or total?

• What are the risks and benefits of the surgery?

• What will my recovery process look like, and how long will it take?

• What can I do to prepare my body for the surgery?

Step 2: Optimise Your Physical Health

Your physical condition plays a critical role in the success of the surgery and your recovery. In the weeks leading up to your knee replacement, work with your healthcare team to optimise your overall health. Here are some key ways to do this

• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Excess weight puts additional strain on your knees and can make recovery more challenging. If possible, aim to lose weight before the surgery to reduce pressure on your new knee joint and speed up the healing process.

• Strengthen Your Muscles: Building strength in the muscles around your knee, especially the quadriceps and hamstrings, can help support the new joint after surgery. Your doctor may recommend physical therapy exercises to improve strength and flexibility.

• Stay Active: Low Impact exercises such as swimming, cycling, and walking can keep you active without putting undue stress on your knees. Regular exercise can improve your cardiovascular health, which is important for surgical recovery.

• Quit Smoking: Smoking can hinder the healing process by reducing blood flow to the surgical area. If you smoke, consider quitting to improve your recovery prospects.

• Manage Chronic Conditions: If you have chronic health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or heart disease, work with your doctor to ensure these are well managed before the surgery. Uncontrolled health conditions can increase the risk of complications.

Step 3: Make Necessary Home Preparations

Your home environment plays a significant role in your recovery. After knee replacement surgery, you may experience limited mobility and pain, especially in the initial weeks.

To ensure a smooth recovery, it's essential to prepare your home in advance for your return. Some changes you can make include

• Create a Safe Recovery Space: Set up a comfortable area on the ground floor of your home to minimise the need to climb stairs. Ensure this space has easy access to a bathroom, a place to rest, and all essential items within arm's reach.

• Remove Tripping Hazards: Clear your living space of loose rugs, cords, and clutter to prevent falls. Consider installing handrails in the bathroom and along stairways.

• Arrange for Mobility Aids: Crutches, a walker, or a cane may be necessary during the recovery process. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best mobility aids for your needs and have them ready before your surgery.

• Prepare Meals in Advance: Stock your fridge and freezer with precooked meals or easy to prepare foods. Having nutritious meals readily available can help you focus on healing.

Step 4: Plan for PostSurgery Care

You’ll need support during your recovery, especially in the first few weeks after surgery. Plan ahead to ensure you have the necessary help

• Enlist Help: Ask family members, friends, or hire a caregiver to assist with daily activities like cooking, cleaning, and transportation to follow up appointments.

• Arrange Physical Therapy: Physical therapy is a critical part of the recovery process. Your surgeon will likely prescribe a therapy regimen to help restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion in your new knee joint. Plan your therapy sessions in advance, and ensure you have transportation to and from your appointments.

• PostOperative Appointments: You’ll need regular followup appointments to monitor your recovery. Coordinate with your healthcare provider to schedule these visits and ensure you don’t miss any critical checkups.

Step 5: Mental and Emotional Preparation

Surgery can be emotionally challenging, especially if you’re anxious about the procedure or the recovery. It’s important to address your mental health and prepare yourself emotionally for the journey ahead.

• Set Realistic Expectations: While knee replacement can significantly improve your quality of life, recovery takes time. Be patient with yourself and understand that it may take several months to feel the full benefits of the surgery.

• Join a Support Group: Connecting with others who have undergone knee replacement can provide encouragement and valuable insights. Many hospitals and online communities offer support groups for individuals facing knee surgery.

• Practice Relaxation Techniques: Techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and visualisation can help reduce pre surgery anxiety and improve your overall well being. These tools can also be useful during the recovery process.

Step 6: Prepare for the Day of Surgery

The day of surgery can be stressful, but being prepared will make things smoother. Follow these tips for a stress free experience

• Follow Fasting Guidelines: Your surgeon will give you instructions on when to stop eating and drinking before the surgery. Follow these guidelines closely to avoid complications during the procedure.

• Wear Loose, Comfortable Clothing: Choose easy to wear clothing that won’t put pressure on your knee and is comfortable to move in after the surgery.

• Arrange Transportation: Ensure you have a ride to and from the hospital. You won’t be able to drive after the procedure, so plan accordingly.

• Pack a Bag for the Hospital: Include essentials such as your ID, insurance information, medications, a change of clothes, and personal items like a toothbrush and phone charger.

Step 7: Post Surgery Recovery Tips

Once your surgery is complete, your primary focus will be on healing. Here are some post surgery recovery tips

• Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions: Adhere to all postoperative care instructions, including taking prescribed medications and attending followup appointments.

• Engage in Physical Therapy: Consistent participation in physical therapy is crucial for regaining mobility and preventing stiffness. Be diligent in performing your exercises at home, as advised by your therapist.

• Stay Positive: Recovery can be slow, but maintaining a positive attitude can significantly impact your healing process. Celebrate small milestones and focus on the progress you’re making each day.