Allergies are a common ailment that affects millions of people worldwide.

From sneezing fits and runny noses to itchy eyes and skin rashes, the discomfort can significantly interfere with daily life.

For many, antihistamines serve as an effective way to manage these symptoms. One such antihistamine is Levocetirizine.

Levocetirizine offers relief to individuals battling allergic reactions.

But what makes Levocetirizine effective, and how should it be used?

This blog by Mykare Health explores the uses, benefits, side effects, and precautions associated with Levocetirizine tablets.

What is Levocetirizine?

Levocetirizine is an antihistamine, a type of medication designed to reduce the effects of histamine—a compound your body releases in response to allergens.

Unlike older antihistamines, Levocetirizine belongs to a newer class known as "second generation antihistamines," which tend to have fewer sedative side effects.

It’s primarily available in tablet form, though liquid formulations also exist for children. The drug is widely prescribed for both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis (allergy related cold symptoms) and chronic urticaria.

How Does Levocetirizine Work?

Levocetirizine works by selectively blocking histamine receptors, particularly the H1 receptor, which plays a critical role in allergy symptoms.

By preventing histamine from binding to these receptors, Levocetirizine reduces or prevents typical allergic reactions like sneezing, itching, and swelling. This makes it highly effective for people experiencing both longterm and shortterm allergies.

Uses of Levocetirizine Tablets

1. Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR)

SAR, also known as hay fever, is a common allergic reaction to seasonal allergens like pollen or mould spores. Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and congestion.

Levocetirizine helps manage these symptoms by blocking histamine production. Many people begin taking Levocetirizine at the start of allergy season to reduce their symptoms proactively.

2. Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR)

PAR is similar to SAR but persists year round, usually due to indoor allergens like dust mites, pet dander, or mould. Levocetirizine effectively manages PAR by keeping allergy symptoms under control even with daily exposure to allergens.

As it doesn’t have heavy sedative effects, it is suitable for long term, continuous use under medical supervision.

3. Chronic Urticaria

Chronic urticaria, or hives, is a condition characterised by red, itchy welts on the skin. In many cases, the exact cause of hives is unknown, but allergens, stress, and heat can exacerbate symptoms.

Levocetirizine is often prescribed for chronic urticaria, providing patients with relief from itching and swelling. It is generally more effective than older antihistamines due to its long lasting effects.

4. Allergic Conjunctivitis

Levocetirizine can also alleviate symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, which includes red, itchy, and watery eyes.

This condition often accompanies allergic rhinitis and can be quite bothersome. Levocetirizine, while not a firstline treatment, can reduce eye irritation by controlling overall histamine levels in the body.

5. Asthma Related Allergies

Some studies suggest that Levocetirizine may benefit individuals with mild asthma symptoms triggered by allergies. Though it is not a primary asthma medication, it may help reduce the occurrence of allergic reactions that can worsen asthma symptoms.

However, asthma patients should always consult their healthcare provider before using Levocetirizine as a supplementary treatment.

6. Eczema and Dermatitis

While not primarily prescribed for skin conditions, Levocetirizine has been shown to help reduce itching in conditions like eczema or dermatitis when these are exacerbated by allergies.

By lowering histamine levels, it can offer relief from itching, although it is typically used in combination with other treatments for these skin conditions.

Dosage and Administration

Levocetirizine is generally taken once a day, usually in the evening, as its effects last for about 24 hours. The recommended dose for adults and children over 12 years old is 5 mg daily.

For children between the ages of 6 and 12, the dose is typically 2.5 mg, though exact dosages may vary based on the patient’s weight and specific needs.

Levocetirizine can be taken with or without food, and patients should follow their healthcare provider's instructions for optimal results.

Side Effects of Levocetirizine

Though Levocetirizine is generally well tolerated, like any medication, it can cause side effects in some individuals. These may include

• Drowsiness (though less common than with first generation antihistamines)

• Fatigue

• Dry Mouth

• Headache

• Abdominal Pain

• Diarrhoea (more common in children)

In rare cases, Levocetirizine may cause more serious side effects, including dizziness, severe allergic reactions, or respiratory issues. Anyone experiencing severe side effects should seek immediate medical attention.

Precautions

• Avoid Alcohol and CNS Depressants: As Levocetirizine can cause mild drowsiness in some individuals, it is advisable to avoid alcohol and other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, as they can enhance the sedative effects.

• Avoid Alcohol and CNS Depressants: As Levocetirizine can cause mild drowsiness in some individuals, it is advisable to avoid alcohol and other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, as they can enhance the sedative effects.

• Renal Impairment: Patients with kidney issues should use Levocetirizine with caution, as the drug is eliminated via the kidneys. Dosage adjustments may be required to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity.

• Pregnancy and Lactation: While studies are limited, Levocetirizine should only be used in pregnant or breastfeeding women if absolutely necessary and prescribed by a doctor, as it may pass through breast milk.

• Operating Machinery: Although Levocetirizine is considered a nonsedative antihistamine, some people may still experience drowsiness. It is recommended to monitor how you feel before driving or operating heavy machinery.

• Drug Interactions: Always inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking, as Levocetirizine may interact with other drugs, particularly CNS depressants.

Levocetirizine vs. Other Antihistamines: Why Choose Levocetirizine?

Compared to first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine, Levocetirizine offers a more targeted approach with fewer unwanted side effects, particularly drowsiness.

While both first- and second-generation antihistamines block the effects of histamine, Levocetirizine’s selective action allows it to provide relief without impacting cognitive function as heavily, which can be a significant advantage for those needing to stay alert throughout the day.

Additionally, Levocetirizine has a faster onset, often taking effect within an hour, and maintains efficacy for up to 24 hours, making it ideal for people with busy lifestyles who may not be able to take multiple doses throughout the day.

This balance of effectiveness and convenience has made Levocetirizine a popular choice among healthcare providers for treating allergies safely and effectively.